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外擦類固醇擦越多、擦越久,骨質疏鬆與骨折風險越高,女性及 50 歲以下患者更是如此 - 台灣健保資料庫研究

JEADV 論文摘要:外用類固醇累積劑量與骨質疏鬆、骨折

很多人以為擦的類固醇只作用在皮膚,不會影響身體。

台大醫院皮膚部團隊以台灣健保資料庫研究發現,外用類固醇的累積劑量越高,骨質疏鬆與骨折的風險也越高,呈現劑量越高、風險越高的關係。

5 年內累積劑量最高的人,骨質疏鬆的風險增加 34%,主要骨質疏鬆性骨折增加 29%。

女性的風險高於男性;50 歲以下的年輕族群,骨質疏鬆風險更是各年齡層中最高的。

作者的結論是:長期使用外用類固醇要謹慎,尤其是女性與年輕人。

我在長期使用類固醇、免疫抑制劑,真的安全嗎?寫過兩位年輕的異位性皮膚炎患者,從小長期使用類固醇,一位高中確診雙眼白內障,一位國中就得白內障手術。

衛福部也已發函正視「類固醇戒斷」,提醒局部皮質類固醇藥膏可能導致類固醇戒斷。

異位性皮膚炎、濕疹的患者,常常一擦就是好幾年。

類固醇不是不能用,但長期、大量使用的代價,值得每位患者了解。

本篇研究,“Higher cumulative dose of topical corticosteroids is associated with osteoporosis and major osteoporotic fracture: A nationwide case-control study”,期刊摘要如下:

Background

Connections between long-term use of topical corticosteroids (TCSs) of varying potency and osteoporosis and major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) are unclear. Susceptibility to adverse bone effects of TCSs in different sex, age and ethnic groups is unknown too.

Objectives

To demonstrate the association between cumulative dose of TCSs of varying potency and osteoporosis and MOF in Taiwanese population, with stratified analysis of sex and age.

Methods

We conducted a nationwide case-control study and obtained data from Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. Cumulative TCS doses in different exposure periods were calculated, and the potency of TCSs was converted to prednisolone equivalent. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for osteoporosis and MOF associated with TCS use.

Results

From 2017 to 2020, 129,682 osteoporosis cases and 34,999 MOF cases were selected and randomly matched with 518,728 and 139,996 controls by sex and age. We found clear dose-response relationships between long-term TCS exposure and osteoporosis and MOF. For example, compared to no TCS use, adjusted ORs of osteoporosis were 1.216 (95% CI 1.189-1.243), 1.260 (95% CI, 1.241-1.280) and 1.341 (95% CI, 1.314-1.369) for exposure to low, medium and high cumulative TCS doses, respectively, over 5 years. Adjusted ORs of MOF were 1.118 (95% CI 1.069-1.170), 1.191 (95% CI, 1.156-1.227) and 1.288 (95% CI, 1.238-1.340) for exposure to low, medium and high cumulative TCS doses, respectively, over 5 years. Stratified analysis showed women had higher ORs of osteoporosis and MOF compared to men. Younger people (<50 years) had highest OR of osteoporosis compared to other age groups.

Conclusions

Higher cumulative TCS dose was associated with increased risk of osteoporosis and MOF. Long-term use of TCSs should be cautious, especially in susceptible populations such as women and young people.

原始論文

Higher cumulative dose of topical corticosteroids is associated with osteoporosis and major osteoporotic fracture: A nationwide case-control study(外部網站)

Hsieh BJ, Shen D, Chan TC, Cho YT, Tang CH, Chu CY. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. 2024;38(7):1347-1356. doi:10.1111/jdv.19697

論文摘要(中文翻譯)

以下為中文翻譯,僅供參考,內容以英文原文為準。

外用類固醇累積劑量越高,與骨質疏鬆及主要骨質疏鬆性骨折相關:全國性病例對照研究

背景:長期使用不同強度的外用類固醇,與骨質疏鬆及主要骨質疏鬆性骨折之間的關係仍不清楚;不同性別、年齡與族群對外用類固醇骨骼副作用的易感性也未知。

目的:在台灣族群中,探討不同強度外用類固醇的累積劑量與骨質疏鬆、主要骨質疏鬆性骨折的關聯,並依性別與年齡分層分析。

方法:我們進行全國性病例對照研究,資料取自台灣全民健康保險研究資料庫。計算不同暴露期間的外用類固醇累積劑量,並將外用類固醇強度換算為 prednisolone 等效劑量。計算外用類固醇使用與骨質疏鬆、主要骨質疏鬆性骨折相關的校正勝算比及 95% 信賴區間。

結果:從 2017 至 2020 年選出 129,682 例骨質疏鬆與 34,999 例主要骨質疏鬆性骨折病例,依性別與年齡隨機配對 518,728 與 139,996 位對照者。結果發現,長期外用類固醇暴露與骨質疏鬆、主要骨質疏鬆性骨折之間有明確的劑量反應關係。例如,與未使用外用類固醇相比,5 年內低、中、高累積劑量暴露的骨質疏鬆校正勝算比分別為 1.216(95% CI 1.189–1.243)、1.260(95% CI 1.241–1.280)與 1.341(95% CI 1.314–1.369);主要骨質疏鬆性骨折的校正勝算比分別為 1.118(95% CI 1.069–1.170)、1.191(95% CI 1.156–1.227)與 1.288(95% CI 1.238–1.340)。分層分析顯示,女性的骨質疏鬆與骨折勝算比高於男性;50 歲以下的年輕族群,骨質疏鬆勝算比是各年齡層中最高的。

結論:外用類固醇累積劑量越高,骨質疏鬆與主要骨質疏鬆性骨折的風險越高。長期使用外用類固醇應謹慎,尤其是女性與年輕人等易感族群。

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